「敦煌漢文佛教寫卷點校本工作手冊」:修訂間差異
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|'''Non-Unicode Variants - attested 萬國碼未收之異體字──已確認'''<br/> | |'''Non-Unicode Variants - attested 萬國碼未收之異體字──已確認'''<br/> | ||
# 萬國碼未收之字形。The variant character is not in Unicode.<br/> | |||
#[http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/ 教育部異體字字典]有收錄者。It is attested in the "Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants" 教育部異體字字典 (Ministry of Education, RoC, 2012). Current Query Interface: http://dict2.variants.moe.edu.tw/variants/.<br/> | |||
# 教育部異體字字典對該字的編號會記錄在<g>@ref標記中。 <g>@ref points to a header item which references the character number of the variant in the MoE Dictionary.<br/> | |||
# 能夠以所對應的正字表達出來。 It can be represented by a semantically equivalent common character (通用字).<br/> | |||
|Ex.1: S-4272-0002:<br/> | |Ex.1: S-4272-0002:<br/> | ||
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|'''Non-Unicode Variants - unattested 萬國碼未收之異體字──未確認'''<br/> | |'''Non-Unicode Variants - unattested 萬國碼未收之異體字──未確認'''<br/> | ||
# 萬國碼與教育部異體字字典均未收錄。The character is neither in Unicode nor in the MoE Dictionary.<br/> | |||
# 但字形結構上能夠分辨者。 Use this only for characters where the stroke count is clearly legible.<br/> | |||
|Ex.1: S-4272-0022:<br/> | |Ex.1: S-4272-0022:<br/> | ||
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|'''"Unclear" Characters 模糊字''' | |'''"Unclear" Characters 模糊字''' | ||
#<unclear> 是一個較鬆散的解釋,此類字多受到摹寫字跡以及古代字形的影響。<unclear> is much open to interpretation. It is influenced strongly by the quality of the facsimile and the level of paleographic skills. | |||
# 標記此類文字時通常需借助其他版本的文獻,而不能由文本直接辨認出來。We use it in this project when the character and its stroke structure are not recognizable on their own, but only by comparing with other versions.<br/> | |||
# 所有的<unclear>都能理解為某個正字,但與<nowiki><reg></nowiki>不同的是<unclear>文字結構模糊,而<nowiki><reg></nowiki>的文字結構清晰。All <unclear> are understood as 通用字, this form of regularization differes from <nowiki><reg></nowiki>, however, because with <unclear> the intended variant is unknown. With <nowiki><reg></nowiki> the shape/stroke structure of the variant character is seen.<br/> | |||
|Ex.1: P-3703-0001: | |Ex.1: P-3703-0001: | ||
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|'''Significant spaces 文中的空格''' | |'''Significant spaces 文中的空格''' | ||
# 另起一段或徵引文獻時。Intentional, significant space before new sections (Ex. 1) or quotations (Ex.1).<br/> | |||
# 文獻末尾空格不標記。No <space> needed at end of a Ms folio.<br/> | |||
|Ex.1: S-4272-0008 - S-4272-0010: | |Ex.1: S-4272-0008 - S-4272-0010: | ||
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|'''Character(s) added in the Ms. 插入字''' | |'''Character(s) added in the Ms. 插入字''' | ||
# 文中有人插入文字。Character(s) added by a scribe in the Ms.<br/> | |||
# 大致描述插入字位置。@place gives rough description where to find it.<br/> | |||
|Ex.1: S-4272-0009: | |Ex.1: S-4272-0009: | ||
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時<damage>狀</damage>𠰥 | 時<damage>狀</damage>𠰥 | ||
|[[圖片:damage1.png| | |[[圖片:damage1.png|60px]] | ||
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|'''Unrecognizable characters due to accidental damage (tearing, breaking, smearing, blotting, smudging etc.) with later annotation 因意外而造成無法判讀(如撕裂、破損、磨滅、髒汙等),後來新增者''' | |||
#背面墨水透出使「法」字部分不清,另一個字則完全不清。Seeping ink renders the character 法 partially illegible and another character completely illegible. | |||
#可以推論第二個字可能被 (hand="1") 塗改為「有」,但又暈墨。Probably the latter character was originally deleted, and the first scribe (hand="1") had added a 有 next to the line, which, however, too became blotted as the ink seeped through, but is still inferable. | |||
#不清的「法」字旁潦草寫了一個「法」。(hand="2") 又另在前次暈墨的「有」下方再寫一個「有」,這必然是在背面抄寫後才發生的,這份手卷發現數次這樣因背面的墨透背後,才進行的補救。 Later someone adds a quickly written 法 next to the partially damaged 法, and a 有 below the damaged first addition inline-right. This probably was someone else (@hand="2") because it must have occurred after the verso text had been written and there are several other cases of clarifying damaged characters elsewhere in the Ms. | |||
#假定這髒污是由背面的墨透過來的,那事情發生的順序應是:先抄寫了正面,而背面又抄寫了其他文稿,結果導致墨暈至背面。後來在讀正面時(的人),又將模糊的字重書在右方。Assuming the blotting is due to ink seeping through the paper the series of events was: someone wrote the text, then something else was written on verso, and the ink seeping through blotted the recto text. A later reader clarifies unclear characters recto with a dry brush. | |||
|Ex.1: P-3703-0007: | |||
In the header: <profileDesc> <creation> <listChange> <change xml:id="stage1">The manuscript is written, corrections were made by the scribe.</change> <change xml:id="stage2">The verso is written. Ink seeps through blotting some characters.</change> <change xml:id="stage3">A later hand clarifies characters that were blotted out.</change> </listChange> </creation> </profileDesc> | |||
非<unclear>離</unclear>生<damage change="#stage2">法</damage><add change="#stage3" hand="2" place="inline-right">法</add><damage change="#stage2"><nowiki><del change="#stage1" hand="1"><gap unit="chars" extent="1"/></del></nowiki><add change="#stage1" place="inline-right" hand="1">有</add></damage><add change="#stage3" hand="2" place="inline-right">有</add>无生龍 | |||
Ex.2: P-3703-0010: | |||
一切圡木<damage change="#stage2">瓦</damage><add place="inline-right" change="#stage3">瓦</add>石 | |||
#The original character (probably 瓦) becomes illegible by ink seeping thorugh. 原來的字(應是「瓦」)被透背的墨所暈。 | |||
#A later hand clarifies the illegible section and writes 瓦 next to it. 後來的讀者重書「瓦」在右方。 | |||
|[[圖片:damageAdd1.png|60px]][[圖片:damageAdd2.png|60px]] | |||
=字型工具= | =字型工具= | ||
*最好安裝 Unicode Super-CJK Fonts v6.0 | *最好安裝 Unicode Super-CJK Fonts v6.0 |
於 2014年3月11日 (二) 10:44 的修訂
敦煌漢文佛教寫卷點校本工作手冊
Critical Editions of Chinese Buddhist Dunhuang Manuscripts(Markup manual)
Date: 2014-2-14 Author: Zhang Boyong 張伯雍
本計畫為中華佛研所、馬德偉博士(Dr. Marcus Bingenheimer, Temple University)、太史文博士(Dr. Stephen F. Teiser, Princeton University)與大英圖書館國際敦煌專案(International Dunhuang Project, IDP)的合作專案。專案說明詳見計畫書。
寫卷數位化
數位化的寫卷標題範例:lengqieszj-S-4272.xml。S-4272 為敦煌文獻號碼。
所使用的標記規範為 TEI P5
寫卷結構與標記
- 以敦煌寫卷「件」為單位,即每一個檔案即為一件敦煌寫卷(如 S.4272)
進階說明──文字轉錄原則
- 原則一、不論原文使用何種字體(楷書、行書、草書等),皆轉錄為楷書(楷化)。
- 原則二、Unicode 有提供字型者,按原字形轉錄。如:㘴,不轉錄為教育部標準字體(正字)「坐」。
Non-Unicode Variants - attested 萬國碼未收之異體字──已確認
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Ex.1: S-4272-0002: 為除忘相<choice><orig><g ref="#A03335-005"/></orig><reg>修</reg></choice>行六度 |
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Non-Unicode Variants - unattested 萬國碼未收之異體字──未確認
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Ex.1: S-4272-0022: 度眾生過去<reg>逢</reg>无量恒 |
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"Unclear" Characters 模糊字
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Ex.1: P-3703-0001:
無有邊<unclear>畔坐</unclear> |
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Significant spaces 文中的空格
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Ex.1: S-4272-0008 - S-4272-0010:
為中道<space unit="char" extent="2"/>苐三齊朝 人年十四遇達摩禪師 真登佛果<space unit="char" extent="1"/>楞伽経云 |
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Character(s) added in the Ms. 插入字
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Ex.1: S-4272-0009:
禪師俗<add place="inline-right">性</add>姖武窂人 |
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Character(s) Overwrite other Character(s): 覆蓋字
被覆蓋的字若不清楚則使用<gap>,清楚則轉錄出來,不確定則使用<unclear>。If the overwritten character is illegible use <gap>, if legible give character, if unsure use <unclear>. |
Ex.1: S-4272-0021:
為是知眾生識<subst><del><gap reason="illegible" unit="chars" extent="1"/></del><add>心</add></subst>自度 |
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Damaged but recognizable characters 破損字
<damage>與<unclear>近似,標記中直接使用正字。(範例中的字也可以識別為「忕」或「𢗗」,此處依另一版本。)<damage> is similar to <unclear> in that the text provided should be considered 通用字 as the variant can not be distinguished clearly. |
Ex.1: P-3703-0001 :
時<damage>狀</damage>𠰥 |
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Unrecognizable characters due to accidental damage (tearing, breaking, smearing, blotting, smudging etc.) with later annotation 因意外而造成無法判讀(如撕裂、破損、磨滅、髒汙等),後來新增者
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Ex.1: P-3703-0007:
In the header: <profileDesc> <creation> <listChange> <change xml:id="stage1">The manuscript is written, corrections were made by the scribe.</change> <change xml:id="stage2">The verso is written. Ink seeps through blotting some characters.</change> <change xml:id="stage3">A later hand clarifies characters that were blotted out.</change> </listChange> </creation> </profileDesc> 非<unclear>離</unclear>生<damage change="#stage2">法</damage><add change="#stage3" hand="2" place="inline-right">法</add><damage change="#stage2"><del change="#stage1" hand="1"><gap unit="chars" extent="1"/></del><add change="#stage1" place="inline-right" hand="1">有</add></damage><add change="#stage3" hand="2" place="inline-right">有</add>无生龍 Ex.2: P-3703-0010: 一切圡木<damage change="#stage2">瓦</damage><add place="inline-right" change="#stage3">瓦</add>石
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字型工具
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